The term "Various - Black Music" on a vinyl likely refers to a compilation album that features a range of songs by different artists, focusing on genres rooted in the African American experience. Such compilations typically include music from genres like soul, R&B, jazz, blues, funk, and perhaps even early hip-hop, depending on the era and focus of the compilation.
Compilations titled "Black Music" or similar can serve as an excellent introduction to the influential and diverse sounds produced by Black artists. They might feature legendary artists such as Aretha Franklin, James Brown, Marvin Gaye, and newer artists depending on the compilation's release date.